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1.
Pesqui. prát. psicossociais ; 13(4): 1-20, out.-dez. 2018. map
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1002769

ABSTRACT

Apresentam-se resultados de pesquisa realizada entre 2012-2014 em Santos, litoral de São Paulo, que buscou identificar perspectivas sobre a guarda familiar de pessoas em situação de rua, a partir de entrevistas semiabertas com dez trabalhadores e uma família. A proteção social a famílias envolve complexas tomadas de decisões, cabendo destacar as particularidades da guarda familiar de pessoas em situação de rua tendo por base as mais diferentes perspectivas: políticas públicas, modos de efetivação dessas políticas pelos trabalhadores e singularidades de crianças e famílias. Identificou-se a intenção da família de manter a guarda dos filhos e o esboço de projetos de futuro que demandam serviços de proteção social. Entre trabalhadores, verifica-se inclinação à generalização, institucionalização e culpabilização das famílias, somada ao sentimento de impotência dos trabalhadores diante da complexidade da situação de rua. Discute-se a relevância de produzir espaços em que ambos os grupos possam participar da proposição de caminhos a serem trilhados.


This paper presents results from a survey taken between 2012 and 2014 in Santos, São Paulo coast. The survey sought to identify perspectives regarding homeless people family custody with ten workers and one family by the means of semi-open interviews. The families social protection involves complex decision making. It is important to highlight the peculiarities of homeless people familiar custody from different perspectives: public policies, ways of execution of these policies by workers and children and families individuals. It was identified the family's intent to maintain the children's custody and the draft of future projects that demands services of social protection. Among workers there is a tendency towards generalization, institutionalization and blame of families, together with the feeling of powerlessness of the workers in the face of the complexity of the street situation. The relevance of producing spaces in which both groups can participate in the proposition of paths to be traced is discussed.


Este artículo presenta los resultados de una encuesta realizada entre 2012 y 2014 en Santos, costa de São Paulo. La encuesta buscó identificar perspectivas sobre la custodia familiar de las personas sin vivienda con diez trabajadores y una familia mediante entrevistas semiabiertas. La protección social de las familias implica una toma de decisiones compleja. Es importante resaltar las peculiaridades de la custodia familiar de las personas sin vivienda desde diferentes perspectivas: políticas públicas, formas de ejecución de estas políticas por parte de los trabajadores, niños y familias individuales. Se identificó la intención de la familia de mantener la custodia de los niños y el proyecto de futuros proyectos que exige servicios de protección social. Entre los trabajadores existe una tendencia hacia la generalización, la institucionalización y la culpa de las familias, junto con la sensación de impotencia de los trabajadores frente a la complejidad de la situación de la calle. Se discute la relevancia de producir espacios en los que ambos grupos puedan participar en la proposición de caminos a seguir.


Subject(s)
Social Control Policies , Child Custody , Public Policy , Social Work , Ill-Housed Persons , Family , Community-Institutional Relations , Institutionalization
2.
São Paulo med. j ; 135(5): 462-468, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-904100

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction have been identified as the two fundamental features in the pathogenesis of obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. We aimed to investigate correlations between anthropometric indices of obesity and IR in non-diabetic obese individuals, and the cutoff value from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted in a private clinic. METHODS: We included obese individuals (body mass index, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) with no diabetes mellitus (fasting glucose levels ≤ 126 mg/dl). The participants were evaluated for the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and through anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests. Furthermore, IR was assessed indirectly using the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)-IR and HOMA-β indexes. The area underthe curve (AUC) of the variables was compared.The sensitivity, specificity and cutoff of each variable for diagnosing IR were calculated. RESULTS: The most promising anthropometric parameters for indicating IR in non-diabetic obese individuals were waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist circumference (WC) and BMI. WHtR proved to be an independent predictor of IR, with risk increased by 0.53% in HOMA-IR, 5.3% in HOMA-β and 1.14% in insulin. For HOMA-IR, WHtR had the highest AUC value (0.98), followed by WC (0.93) and BMI (0.81). For HOMA-β, WHtR also had the highest AUC value (0.83), followed by WC (0.75) and BMI (0.73).The optimal WHtR cutoff was 0.65 for HOMA-IR and 0.67 for HOMA-β. CONCLUSION: Among anthropometric obesity indicators, WHtR was most closely associated with occurrences of IR and predicted the onset of diabetes in obese individuals.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Insulin Resistance/physiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Obesity/complications , Body Height , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Predictive Value of Tests , Risk Factors , ROC Curve , Waist-Hip Ratio , Waist Circumference , Obesity/physiopathology
3.
Saúde Soc ; 24(3): 1089-1102, jul.-set. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-756596

ABSTRACT

O estudo teve como objetivo investigar o cotidiano de gestantes em situação de rua e sua relação com as políticas públicas na cidade de Santos, litoral do Estado de São Paulo. A coleta de dados foi feita através do registro e estudo de narrativas de memórias de vida. A análise deu-se pelo agrupamento temático de trechos das narrativas, sendo identificadas quatro principais categorias: vida na rua; cuidado e gestação; projetos futuros; e rede pública de serviços. As narrativas revelam mulheres com capacidade criativa para desejar uma vida melhor a partir da possibilidade de ter um filho. Entretanto, a condição social em que vivem, envolvendo a luta diária pela sobrevivência e, em alguns casos, a dependência química dificultam o planejamento de estratégias que transformem o desejo em um projeto de vida. Dessa forma, na maioria das vezes perdem a guarda de seus filhos. Embora conheçam os serviços públicos, quase sempre os acessam apenas em casos de urgência. Não se identificaram na rede de serviços assistenciais - pública e do terceiro setor - programas focados na questão da gestante em situação de rua, ainda que o Brasil já viva, atualmente, histórias de famílias que têm a situação de rua como experiência intergeracional. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de constituição de políticas intersetoriais, voltadas para gestantes em situação de rua.


The study aimed to investigate the daily routine of homeless pregnant women and their relation to public policies in the city of Santos, State of São Paulo. Data was collected through the record and study of narratives of life memories. The analysis was conducted through the thematic grouping of excerpts of narratives, and four main categories were identified: life on the street; care and pregnancy; future projects; and public services. The narratives reveal women with creative ability to desire a better life based on the possibility of having a child. However, the social condition in which they live, which involves the daily struggle for survival and, in some cases, drug addiction, hinders the planning of strategies to transform the desire into a life project. Thus, most of them lose custody of their children. Although they know the public services, they go to them only in emergencies, mostly. We have not identified, in the network of care services - public and third sector -, programs focusing on the issue of homeless pregnant women, even though Brazil already witnesses, today, stories of families who have the homeless situation as an intergenerational experience. The results point to the need of making intersectoral policies targeted at homeless pregnant women.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Social Support , Social Conditions , Prenatal Care , Pregnant Women , Ill-Housed Persons , Public Policy , Maternal and Child Health , Unified Health System , Health Strategies , Health Planning
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